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Thelma Gorham Collection
Meek-Eaton Archival Collection MS_0033

AC.2.A.3.6.4 - AC.2.A.3.6.5; AC.2.B.1.1.1 - AC.2.B.1.3.2

Thelma Thurston Gorham (1913–1992) was a pioneering journalist, educator, and academic leader who made a lasting impact on journalism education at Florida A&M University. Born in Kansas City, Missouri, she earned her bachelor’s and master’s degrees from the University of Minnesota and later completed her Ph.D. at Florida State University.

Gorham began her career as a journalist, writing and editing for several Black newspapers, including the Kansas City Call, Apache Sentinel, and The Black Dispatch. During the 1930s, she broke barriers as one of the first Black female reporters in the United States.

She went on to a distinguished career in higher education, teaching at multiple historically Black colleges and universities before joining Florida A&M University. There, she founded the School of Journalism and helped shape generations of students, contributing significantly to the development of journalism programs at HBCUs.

Gorham spent many years at FAMU before retiring and remained a respected figure in both journalism and education until her passing in Tallahassee, Florida, in 1992. Her legacy continues through the Thelma Thurston Gorham Distinguished Alumni Award, which recognizes excellence in journalism and communication.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thelma_Thurston_Gorham
The Rosewood Massacre Papers
The Rosewood Massacre Papers
Meek-Eaton Archival Collection MS_0001 · Collection · 1900 - 1996

Location: AC.6.B.2.4.7-AC.6.B.3.4.4

The Rosewood Massacre was a racially motivated attack on the predominantly African American town of Rosewood, Florida, in January 1923. Sparked by false accusations and fueled by racial tensions under Jim Crow segregation, white mobs destroyed homes, churches, and businesses, forcing residents to flee and permanently abandon the town. For decades, the event remained largely suppressed in public memory until renewed attention in 1982 by journalist Gary Moore prompted survivors and descendants to seek justice. Their efforts led to a state investigation and compensation legislation, marking one of the first instances of reparations for racial violence in the United States.

Archival Description:
The Rosewood Massacre Papers Collection spans 35 boxes with materials dating from 1900 to 1996 and documents the historical, legal, and commemorative efforts surrounding the 1923 massacre. The collection includes narrative reports, multiple versions of documented histories, survivor affidavits, administrative files, correspondence, interview transcripts, handwritten notes, vital records such as birth certificates, census records including the 1920 U.S. Census, property records such as Levy County deed indexes, and materials related to claims verification.

Folders within the collection contain complete narrative reports and reproduced copies used for research, review, and preservation; affidavits from survivors including Bertha Fagin, Ivory T. Fuller, Vera G. Goins Hamilton, Thelma Hawkins, and Dorothy G. Hosey; correspondence from agencies such as the Florida State Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services and Offices of Vital Statistics; as well as administrative communications, genealogical documentation, and evidentiary records supporting compensation claims.

Collectively, these materials document both the historical reconstruction of the Rosewood Massacre and the legal and administrative processes undertaken to verify survivors, establish lineage, and secure restitution.
Southern Workman Collection
Meek-Eaton Archival Collection MS_0118 · 1910 - 1939

Location: AC.6.B.4.3.4 - AC.6.B.4.3.8

The Southern Workman Collection consists of five boxes of materials dating from 1910 to 1939, documenting a significant period in the publication history of The Southern Workman. Published monthly by the Hampton Institute Press at Hampton Institute (now Hampton University), the magazine originated in 1872 as Southern Workman and Hampton School Record and served as an important platform for education, culture, and social commentary.

The collection includes issues of the magazine featuring articles, lectures, essays, and book reviews that reflect the intellectual and cultural life of the institution. Content highlights the activities of Hampton Institute, including information about its faculty, students, and graduates, while also addressing broader social issues of the time.

With a primary focus on African American and Native American history, the materials provide valuable insight into educational practices, cultural expression, and social conditions in the early twentieth century. Collectively, the collection illustrates the role of The Southern Workman as a key publication in advancing knowledge and documenting the experiences and contributions of marginalized communities.
Southern School News Collection
Meek-Eaton Archival Collection MS_0120 · 1954 - 1965

Location: AC.6.B.4.2.7 - AC.6.B.4.3.3

The Southern School News Collection consists of issues of Southern School News, a publication produced by the Southern Education Reporting Service between 1954 and 1965. Established in response to the landmark 1954 Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education, the Southern Education Reporting Service sought to provide nonpartisan, factual reporting on the evolving landscape of public education in the American South during the era of school desegregation.

The publication was designed to inform school administrators, public officials, educators, and interested citizens about significant developments in education following the Court’s ruling. Reports featured in Southern School News were compiled by southern newspaper editors and educators, offering regionally grounded perspectives on policy changes, legal challenges, community responses, and the progress of desegregation efforts across southern states.

The collection includes serial issues of Southern School News that document key events, debates, and implementation strategies related to desegregation. These materials provide detailed accounts of state and local actions, including legislative measures, court cases, school board decisions, and public reactions. As a contemporary source, the publication captures the complexities and tensions surrounding the transition from segregated to integrated school systems in the South.

Collectively, the Southern School News Collection serves as an important resource for understanding the educational, political, and social transformations that followed the Brown decision. It offers researchers valuable insight into how information about desegregation was disseminated, interpreted, and contested, while also highlighting the role of media and educators in documenting one of the most significant periods in American educational history.
Senator Arthenia L. Joyner Collection
Senator Arthenia L. Joyner Collection
Meek-Eaton Archival Collection MS_0071 · File

Location: AC.2.B.2.4.4 - AC.2.B.3.1.3

Arthenia L. Joyner born 1943 in Lakeland, Florida, and raised in Tampa. She emerged as a leader during the Civil Rights Movement, participating in protests as both a high school and college student at Florida A&M University. Joyner attended the original FAMU College of Law, graduating in 1968, and went on to break significant barriers as the first Black woman to practice law in Hillsborough County and the first African American to practice law in Polk County. She later served as a legislative aide to State Representative Joe Lang Kershaw, the first Black legislator in Florida since Reconstruction, and was elected to three terms in the Florida House of Representatives representing the 59th District.

The Senator Arthenia L. Joyner Collection consists of eight boxes of materials documenting her career in law, public service, and civil rights advocacy. The collection includes correspondence, meeting records, travel documents, and speeches that reflect her work as an attorney, legislative aide, and elected official.

These materials provide insight into Joyner’s role in shaping public policy, her legislative activities, and her engagement with constituents and colleagues. The collection also highlights her involvement in civil rights initiatives and her contributions to expanding opportunities for African Americans in the legal and political arenas. Collectively, the records document her impact on Florida’s political landscape and her legacy as a pioneering African American woman in law and government.
Reverend Thomas B. Carr
Meek-Eaton Archival Collection MS_0124 · 1912 - 1954

The Reverend Thomas B. Carr Collection documents the life and work of Reverend Thomas B. Carr, an African Methodist Episcopal (AME) minister and landowner in Leon County, Florida, with materials dating from 1912 to 1954, and concentrated between 1924 and 1946. This collection highlights Carr’s religious leadership, agricultural involvement, and community engagement within both ecclesiastical and civic spheres.

The materials consist primarily of textual records, including correspondence, deeds, programs, reports, sermons, financial and legal documents, advertisements, and other printed matter. These records provide insight into Carr’s role within the AME Church, as well as his participation in agricultural and landownership activities. The collection reflects his involvement with organizations such as the Florida State Dairymen’s Association, the Cooperative Extension Office, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Farm Credit Administration.

Significant topics represented in the collection include African American land ownership, agricultural education, and federal, state, and municipal agricultural programs during the early to mid-twentieth century, including the World War II era. The records also document the organization and activities of the Black church in supporting farmers and rural communities. Additionally, the collection contains several of Reverend Carr’s sermons, which address religious observances such as Father’s Day, Mother’s Day, and Psalm 91, offering further perspective on his spiritual leadership.

Overall, the Reverend Thomas B. Carr Collection provides valuable documentation of the intersection of religion, agriculture, and community development among African Americans in Florida during the first half of the twentieth century.
Reverend Elvis W. Spearman Collection
Meek-Eaton Archival Collection MS_0017 · Collection

Location: AC.3.A.3.5.6

The Reverend Elvis W. Spearman Collection consists of one box of materials documenting the professional and spiritual life of Rev. Elvis W. Spearman. Spearman served as postmaster at Florida A&M University until his retirement in 1964 and also held the role of hospital chaplain from 1955 to 1964. He earned an A.B. degree from Legal College and pursued additional studies at Florida A&M University, the University of Chicago, and Deering Community Center.

The collection primarily contains speeches and sermons delivered by Rev. Spearman, reflecting his work in ministry and his engagement with religious and community life. Most of the materials are undated, though they provide valuable insight into his theological perspectives, public speaking, and role as a spiritual leader.

In addition to sermons, the collection includes a small number of documents related to his administrative duties at Florida A&M University. Collectively, these materials offer a glimpse into Spearman’s dual roles in institutional service and religious leadership, highlighting his contributions to the university and its broader community.
Reverend Dr. James Hudson, Sr. Collection
Meek-Eaton Archival Collection MS_0022 · Collection

Location: AC.2.B.2.3.2 - AC.2.B.2.3.5

Reverend Dr. James L. Hudson, Sr. (1904–1980) was a minister, educator, and civil rights leader. Born in Birmingham, Alabama, he graduated from Morehouse College in 1926 and later earned a divinity degree from Colgate-Rochester School of Religion in 1931. He served as a chaplain at Leland College until 1946 before completing doctoral studies at Boston College. Dr. Hudson later joined Florida A&M University as a chaplain and professor, where he founded the Department of Religion and Philosophy and served as its first chair. A close associate of Rev. Charles K. Steele, he played a key role in civil rights efforts, including the 1956 Tallahassee Bus Boycott, and was active in organizations such as the Tallahassee Ministerial Alliance and the Inter-Civic Council.

The Reverend Dr. James Hudson, Sr. Collection documents Hudson’s career in ministry, education, and civil rights activism. The collection contains materials related to his work at Florida A&M University, including records associated with the establishment of the Department of Religion and Philosophy, as well as documents reflecting his role as a chaplain and educator.

Additional materials highlight his involvement in civil rights initiatives in Tallahassee, including his collaboration with local religious and community leaders. The collection may include correspondence, sermons, speeches, and organizational records that illustrate his leadership in religious and civic life. Collectively, these materials provide insight into Hudson’s lasting contributions to higher education, faith leadership, and the advancement of social justice.
Oscar C. Gadson Collection
Meek-Eaton Archival Collection MS_0030

AC.3.B.1.2.3

Oscar C. Gadson Jr. was a distinguished World War II veteran, Tuskegee Airman, and Buffalo Soldier who dedicated his life to military service and public health. As a member of the historic Tuskegee Airmen, he trained as a pilot and later served with the 92nd Infantry Division, one of the only all-Black combat units in the war, participating in major offensives in Italy.

Gadson’s military career reflected both courage and resilience during an era of segregation, earning recognition for his service in multiple campaigns against German forces. After the war, he continued serving others through a 40-year career as a clinical laboratory scientist at the Tuskegee Veterans Affairs medical center.

In later life, Gadson was honored for his contributions, including serving as grand marshal of a Veterans Day parade, where he was recognized for his bravery, strength, and lifelong commitment to his country.

https://news.va.gov/43075/tuskegee-airman-oscar-c-gadson-jr-honored-grand-marshal-veterans-day-parade/
Mrs. Willie Ziegler White Collection
Meek-Eaton Archival Collection MS_0116 · 1956 - 1973

Location: AC.3.B.1.4.4 - AC.3.B.1.5.1

The Mrs. Willie Ziegler White Collection consists of 5 boxes of materials documenting her involvement in education and parent-teacher organizations, particularly within the Florida State Congress of Colored Parents and Teachers and related networks. The collection reflects her role as an educator and community leader engaged in advancing African American education and parental involvement during the era of segregation.

The collection includes correspondence, news clippings, directories, handbooks, ledgers, notepads, and record books, as well as files related to Parent Teacher Association activities. These materials document both administrative functions and community outreach efforts. Also included are records from affiliated organizations such as the National Congress of Colored Parents and Teachers, the National Convention of Christians and Jews, and the Georgia Congress of Colored Parents and Teachers.

Additional materials consist of songs, poems, manuals, publications, and magazines that reflect the educational, cultural, and organizational priorities of the groups with which Mrs. White was associated. Correspondence within the collection highlights communication between educators, administrators, and community members involved in improving educational opportunities.

Collectively, the collection provides insight into the leadership, organization, and advocacy efforts of African American educators and parent organizations, as well as the broader network of institutions working to support Black education in the early to mid-twentieth century.